Kali Linux - kev faib, txhua txhua hnub yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws. Vim li no, cov neeg siv uas xav txhim kho nws tab tom ua ntau dua, tiam sis tsis yog txhua tus paub tias yuav ua li cas. Tsab ntawv xov xwm no yuav qhia cov kauj ruam qhia ua kauj ruam rau kev txhim kho Kali Linux ntawm lub PC.
Nruab Kali Linux
Kom nruab rau ntawm qhov kev khiav hauj lwm, koj xav tau ib lub drive uas muaj peev xwm ntawm 4 GB lossis ntau dua. Ib daim duab Kali Linux yuav muab sau rau nws, thiab vim li ntawd, lub computer yuav pib ntawm nws. Yog tias koj muaj tus tsav, koj tuaj yeem ua mus raws kauj ruam los ntawm cov lus qhia qhia.
Kauj Ruam 1: Khau raj lub cev duab
Ua ntej koj yuav tsum download tau qhov system duab. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ua qhov no los ntawm tus tsim tawm lub website, vim qhov no yog qhov chaw uas muaj qhov tseeb tshaj tawm.
Download tau Kali Linux ntawm lub sam thawj chaw
Ntawm nplooj ntawv uas tau qhib, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tsis yog txoj haujlwm OS xwb (Torrent lossis HTTP), tabsis nws kuj yog tus qauv. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv los ntawm ob qhov system 32-ntsis thiab 64-ntsis ib qho. Ntawm lwm yam, nws yog ua tau nyob rau theem no los xaiv qhov chaw ua haujlwm.
Txiav txim siab rau txhua lub zog, pib downloading Kali Linux rau koj lub computer.
Kauj Ruam 2: Hlawv cov duab rau USB flash drive
Lub installation ntawm Kali Linux yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua los ntawm tus tsav flash, yog li ua ntej koj yuav tsum teev cov duab rau nws. Ntawm peb qhov chaw koj tuaj yeem nyeem cov kauj ruam ntawm kauj ruam ntawm nqe lus no.
Nyeem ntxiv: Sau cov duab OS mus rau Flash Drive
Kauj Ruam 3: Pib lub PC los ntawm USB flash drive
Tom qab lub tshuab tsav nrog cov duab ntawm lub cev npaj txhij lawm, tsis txhob maj tawm ntawm nws qhov chaw nres nkoj USB, lub kauj ruam tom ntej yog khau lub computer ntawm nws. Tus txheej txheem no yuav zoo li tsis yooj yim rau tus neeg siv tib yam, yog li nws tau pom zoo kom tau ntsib cov khoom ua ntej.
Nyeem ntxiv: Khau raj ntawm lub PC los ntawm tus tsav tsheb
Kauj ruam 4: Pib txhim kho
Thaum koj pib khau raj ntawm lub tshuab ua si, cov ntawv qhia zaub mov yuav tshwm sim rau lub monitor. Nws yog tsim nyog los xaiv txoj kev ntawm installation Kali Linux. Hauv qab no yog lub installation nrog graphical interface, li no txoj kev yuav nkag siab rau feem ntau cov neeg siv.
- Nyob rau hauv "Khau raj zaub mov" installer xaiv yam khoom "Graphical nruab" thiab nias Sau.
- Ntawm daim ntawv teev lus uas tau xaiv ib hom lus. Nws pom zoo kom xaiv Lavxias teb sab, vim qhov no yuav cuam tshuam tsis tau rau ntawm tus neeg txhais lus xwb, tiam sis kuj yog lub zos ntawm qhov system.
- Xaiv ib qhov chaw kom lub sij hawm cheeb tsam txiav txim siab cia li txiav txim siab.
Lus cim: Yog tias koj tsis pom lub teb chaws uas yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev, ces xaiv cov kab "lwm" los qhia txog tag nrho cov teb chaws hauv lub ntiaj teb.
- Xaiv los ntawm daim ntawv teev cov txheej txheem uas yuav ua tus qauv hauv lub cev.
Ceebtoom: nws raug pom zoo los tsim cov lus Askiv tsim tawm, qee zaum, vim yog xaiv ntawm Lavxias teb sab, nws tsis tuaj yeem sau cov cheeb tsam yuav tsum tau ua. Tom qab tiav installation ntawm lub cev, koj tuaj yeem ntxiv ib qhov tshiab.
- Xaiv cov hotkeys uas yuav siv los hloov ntawm cov duab layouts.
- Tos rau qhov chaw kaw lus kom tiav.
Raws li lub tshuab computer, qhov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem qeeb. Tom qab nws tas, koj yuav tsum tsim kom tau ib tus neeg siv profile.
Kauj ruam 5: Tsim ib tus neeg siv profile
Tus neeg siv profile yog tsim raws li nram no:
- Sau lub npe computer. Piv txwv, lub npe lub npe yuav raug muab, tab sis koj tuaj yeem hloov nrog lwm tus, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm yog tias nws yuav tsum yog sau ua lus Mev.
- Qhia meej lub npe rau npe. Yog tias koj tsis muaj, koj tuaj yeem hla tau cov kauj ruam no, tawm hauv daim teb thiab nias lub khawm "Ntxiv mus".
- Sau tus password rau superuser, mam li paub meej tias nws los ntawm kev sib tw hauv ob lub thawv tawm tswv yim.
Lus Cim: nws pom zoo kom xaiv ib lo lus zais txoj hauv kev, vim nws yog qhov tsim nyog yuav tau txais cov cai nkag mus rau tag nrho cov ntsiab lus. Tab sis yog tias koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem qhia meej txog ib lo lus zais uas muaj ib tus cim.
- Xaiv koj lub sijhawm sijhawm los ntawm daim ntawv teev npe kom lub sijhawm ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv qhov kev khiav hauj lwm muaj sau qhia kom raug. Yog tias koj xaiv ib lub teb chaws uas muaj ib lub sijhawm tsuas yog thaum xaiv qhov chaw, cov kauj ruam no yuav raug rhuav tshem.
Tom qab nkag mus rau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv, qhov kev zov me nyuam yuav pib ntsaws qhov HDD los yog SSD qhov kev pab cuam muab faib tawm.
Kauj Ruam 6: Disk Partitioning
Lub cim yuav ua tau ntau txoj hauv kev: nyob rau hauv hom tsis siv neeg thiab nyob rau hauv kev ceev hom. Tam sim no cov kev xaiv no yuav raug muab suav ua txhua yam.
Tsis siv neeg kos npe hom
Qhov loj tshaj plaws uas koj yuav tsum paub - kos cov disk hauv hom tsis siv neeg, koj plam tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm tus tsav. Yog li, yog tias muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau nws, txav lawv mus rau lwm tus tsav, piv txwv li, Flash, lossis tso rau hauv huab cia.
Yog li, rau kev sau npe tsis zoo no, koj yuav tsum tau ua cov hauv qab no:
- Xaiv qhov tsis siv neeg txoj hauv kev hauv tshuab raj.
- Tom qab ntawd, xaiv tus tsav tias koj yuav tsum muab faib. Nyob rau hauv qhov ua piv txwv, nws tsuas yog ib qho.
- Tom ntej no, txiav txim siab xaiv qhov kev xaiv.
Xaiv "Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv hauv ib seem (pom zoo rau cov pib tshiab)", koj yuav tsim tsuas yog ob seem: hauv paus thiab sib pauv faib. Txoj kev no yog pom zoo rau cov neeg siv uas txhim kho lub hauv paus rau kev ntsuam xyuas, txij li lub teb chaws OS no muaj kev tiv thaiv tsis muaj zog. Koj tuaj yeem xaiv ob txoj kev xaiv - "Separate partition for / home". Hauv qhov no, ntxiv rau ob seem lus teev tseg saum toj no, yuav muaj lwm seem. "/ tsev"qhov twg tag nrho cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv yuav raug muab khaws cia. Cov theem ntawm kev tiv thaiv nrog no markup yog siab dua. Tab sis tseem tsis muab kev tiv thaiv siab tshaj plaws. Yog tias koj xaiv "Tshooj cais rau / hauv tsev, / var thiab / tmp", ces ob seem ntxiv yuav raug tsim rau cov ntaub ntawv cais cov ntaub ntawv. Yog li, tus qauv kev lag luam yuav muab kev tiv thaiv siab tshaj plaws.
- Tom qab qhov xaiv qhov raug xaiv, tus installer yuav qhia tus qauv nws tus kheej. Nyob rau theem no koj tuaj yeem tsim kho: kho qhov muab faib, ntxiv ib qho tshiab, hloov nws hom thiab qhov chaw. Tab sis ib tug yuav tsum tsis txhob ua tag nrho cov haujlwm saum toj no, yog tias koj tsis paub nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm lawv kev siv, txwv tsis pub koj tuaj yeem ua rau nws mob ntxiv tuaj.
- Tom qab koj tau saib cov cim sau ntawv los yog tsim kho cov ntawv tsim nyog, xaiv lub xeem dhau los thiab nias "Ntxiv mus".
- Tam sim no koj yuav tau muab nthuav tawm nrog rau daim ntawv qhia nrog txhua qhov kev hloov ua rau qhov kev sib tw. Yog tias koj tsis pom dab tsi ntxiv, ces nias qhov khoom "Muaj" thiab nias "Ntxiv mus".
Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum nqa qee qhov chaw ua ntej qhov kev txhim kho qhov kawg ntawm qhov system ntawm lub disk, tab sis lawv yuav piav tom qab, tam sim no mus rau cov lus qhia rau kev ceev ntu partitioning ntawm lub disk.
Kev txhais cov cim kev kos npe
Daim ntawv qhia kev ntaus cim tau muab piv rau cov kev tuaj yeem nrog rau qhov tsis pub tuaj yeem tso cai rau koj los ua ntau ntu raws li koj xav tau. Nws tseem ua tau kom txuag tau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm daim disk, tawm hauv cov kab ua ntej tau tsim tsis tau. Los ntawm txoj kev, txoj kev no koj tuaj yeem nruab Kali Linux ze lub qhov rais, thiab thaum twg koj pib lub computer, xaiv qhov tsim nyog operating system rau khau raj.
Ua ntej koj yuav tsum mus rau lub rooj faib lus.
- Xaiv cov qauv kev qhia.
- Raws li nrog kev rho tawm automatic, xaiv lub disk rau nruab OS.
- Yog hais tias lub disk yog huv, koj yuav raug coj mus rau lub qhov rais uas koj yuav tsum tso cai rau tsim ib qho kev faib tawm tshiab.
Lus Cim: Yog hais tias muaj cov khoom faib hauv lub tsav, cov khoom no yuav raug xa rov qab.
Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem txav mus tsim cov kev faib tawm tshiab, tab sis ua ntej koj yuav tsum txiav txim siab ntawm lawv tus lej thiab hom. Tam sim no yuav muaj peb hom kev xaiv:
Tsawg kev ruaj ntseg cim:
| № | Mount point | Volume | Hom | Qhov chaw | Cov lus qhia | Siv li |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ntu 1 | / | Ntawm 15 GB | Koom Haum Me Nyuam Yaus | Pib | Tsis yog | Ext4 |
| Ntu 2 | - | RAM muaj peev xwm | Koom Haum Me Nyuam Yaus | Qhov kawg | Tsis yog | Swap muab faib |
Nruab nrab ruaj ntseg cim:
| № | Mount point | Volume | Hom | Qhov chaw | Cov lus qhia | Siv li |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ntu 1 | / | Ntawm 15 GB | Koom Haum Me Nyuam Yaus | Pib | Tsis yog | Ext4 |
| Ntu 2 | - | RAM muaj peev xwm | Koom Haum Me Nyuam Yaus | Qhov kawg | Tsis yog | Swap muab faib |
| Ntu 3 | / tsev | Suav | Koom Haum Me Nyuam Yaus | Pib | Tsis yog | Ext4 |
Layout nrog kev ruaj siab tshaj plaws:
| № | Mount point | Volume | Hom | Cov lus qhia | Siv li |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ntu 1 | / | Ntawm 15 GB | Yeeb yam | Tsis yog | Ext4 |
| Ntu 2 | - | RAM muaj peev xwm | Yeeb yam | Tsis yog | Swap muab faib |
| Ntu 3 | / var / cav | 500 MB | Yeeb yam | noexec, ceeb toom thiab nodev | reiserfs |
| Ntu 4 | / khau raj | 20 MB | Yeeb yam | ro | Ext2 |
| Tshooj 5 | / tmp | 1 mus rau 2 GB | Yeeb yam | nosuid, nodev thiab noexec | reiserfs |
| Tshooj 6 | / tsev | Suav | Yeeb yam | Tsis yog | Ext4 |
Nws tseem yog qhov uas koj xaiv qhov kev cim khoob rau koj tus kheej thiab mus ncaj qha rau nws. Nws tau ua raws li nram no:
- Ob npaug nias ntawm kab "Qhov Chaw Dawb".
- Xaiv "Tsim ib ntu tshiab".
- Sau cov nyiaj cim xeeb uas yuav muab faib rau qhov kev faib tawm. Koj tuaj yeem pom qhov ntim pom zoo hauv ib qho ntawm cov lus saum toj no.
- Xaiv hom kev faib tawm los tsim.
- Qhia kom meej rau thaj chaw ntawm qhov chaw uas qhov muab faib tshiab yuav muaj nyob.
Ceeb Toom: Yog tias yav dhau los koj tau xaiv cov zaj lus qhia zajlus tawm, qhov kauj ruam no yuav raug xa tawm.
- Tam sim no koj yuav tsum teem tag nrho cov kev tsim nyog, xa mus rau saum rooj.
- Ob-nias ntawm kab "Teem txog qhov muab faib yog".
Siv cov lus qhia no, ua ib ntu ntawm ib qho kev ruaj ntseg, ces nias qhov khawm. "Xaus cim thiab sau cov kev hloov mus rau disk".
Yog li ntawd, koj yuav tau txais ib daim ntawv tshaj tawm nrog txhua yam pauv hloov ua ntej. Yog tias koj tsis pom qhov txawv nrog rau koj cov yeeb yam, xaiv "Muaj". Tom ntej no yuav pib rau lub installation ntawm qhov kev tivthaiv kev ua ntawm lub neej yav tom ntej. Txoj haujlwm no ntev heev.
Los ntawm txoj kev, tib txoj kev uas koj tuaj yeem kos cim qhov Flash-tsav, ntsig txog, qhov no, koj yuav nruab Kali Linux rau ntawm USB flash drive.
Kauj Ruam 7: Kev Txhaum Tes
Thaum lub hauv paus tsim, koj yuav tsum tau ua qee yam kev kho ntxiv:
- Yog tias lub koos pis tawj txuas nrog Internet thaum nruab kev OS, xaiv "Muaj"txwv tsis pub "Tsis muaj".
- Qhia kom meej rau ib tus neeg zov me nyuam tso npe yog koj muaj. Yog tsis yog, hla lub kauj ruam no los txhaj "Ntxiv mus".
- Tos tus download thiab nruab ntxiv software.
- Txhim kho GRUB xaiv "Muaj" thiab txhaj "Ntxiv mus".
- Xaiv qhov disk qhov chaw GRUB.
Tseem ceeb: qhov system bootloader yuav tsum muab ntsia rau qhov tawv disk qhov twg qhov kev khiav hauj lwm yuav nyob. Yog tias tsuas muaj ib lub disk, nws yog hu ua "dev / sda".
- Tos rau lub installation ntawm tag nrho cov pob ntxiv nyob hauv lub cev.
- Hauv lub qhov kawg koj yuav tau txais ntawv ceeb toom hais tias lub system tau txhim kho tau. Tshem lub USB flash drive ntawm lub computer thiab nias lub khawm. "Ntxiv mus".
Tom qab tag nrho cov kev ua tiav, koj lub computer yuav pib dua, ces cov ntawv qhia yuav tshwm sim ntawm qhov screen koj yuav tsum sau koj tus username thiab password. Thov nco ntsoov tias tus ID nkag mus yog ua nyob rau hauv tus account superuser, uas yog, koj yuav tsum tau siv lub npe "hauv paus".
Thaum kawg, nkag mus rau lo lus zais uas koj tsim tau thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa ntawm lub system. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab saib lub thev duab hauv computer los txhaj rau lub iav uas yog ze rau ntawm lub pob "ID nkag mus", thiab xaiv qhov xav tau los ntawm daim ntawv teev npe.
Xaus
Thaum koj tau ua tiav txhua cov lus qhia nyob rau hauv cov lus qhia, koj thiaj li yuav coj mus rau desktop ntawm lub Kali Linux operating system thiab yuav pib ua hauj lwm hauv lub computer.
