VirtualBox Virtual Tshuab rau Beginners

Cov tshuab luam ntawv yog cov khoom siv ntawm lwm tus los yog, hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov tshooj cai no thiab yooj yim, cia koj khiav virtual computer (raws li ib qho kev pab cuam) nrog qhov kev khiav hauj lwm qhov tseeb ntawm koj lub computer nrog tib yam lossis txawv OS. Piv txwv, yog tias koj muaj qhov rais hauv koj lub computer, koj tuaj yeem khiav Linux los yog lwm lub xov tooj ntawm qhov rais hauv lub tshuab virtual thiab ua haujlwm nrog lawv nrog rau lub computer.

Qhov pib lub tswv yim no yuav nthuav tawm thiab tsim kho qhov VirtualBox virtual tshuab (tag nrho dawb software rau kev ua haujlwm nrog virtual cov cav ntoo ntawm qhov rais, MacOS, thiab Linux), thiab lwm yam kev siv VirtualBox uas tej zaum yuav pab tau. Los ntawm txoj kev, hauv Windows 10 Pro thiab Enterprise muaj cov cuab yeej built-in rau kev ua hauj lwm nrog cov cav ntoo, saib Hyper-V virtual cov cav ntoo hauv lub Xoom 10. Nco ntsoov: yog tias lub computer muaj Hyper-V khoom nruab, ces VirtualBox yuav qhia qhov yuam kev. virtual tshuab, yuav ua li cas kom tau nyob ib ncig ntawm no: Khiav VirtualBox thiab Hyper-V ntawm tib lub zog.

Dab tsi yuav tsim nyog rau? Feem ntau, cov cav tov yog siv los pib cov servers lossis sim cov haujlwm ntawm cov kev khiav haujlwm hauv ntau lub operating systems. Rau ib tus neeg siv novice, lub sijhawm no tuaj yeem pab tau ob qho tib si sim ua haujlwm txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm lossis, piv txwv, khiav cov kev pabcuam uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev kis kabmob ntawm koj lub computer.

Nruab VirtualBox

Koj tuaj yeem luam qhov VirtualBox virtual tshuab software dawb los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kawm ntawm www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads qhov twg versions rau qhov rais, Mac OS X thiab Linux. Dua li ntawm qhov tseeb hais tias lub tsev kawm ntawv yog lus Askiv, qhov kev qhia nws tus kheej yuav ua lus Askiv. Khiav cov ntaub ntawv downloaded thiab mus ntawm txheej txheem installation yooj yooj yim (feem ntau, nws yog txaus kom tawm tag nrho cov default settings).

Yog tias koj tso tawm hauv VirtualBox, koj yuav pom cov lus ceeb toom "Kev Txuas Lus: Network Interfaces" ceeb toom tias koj cov kev txuas hauv Internet yuav raug kaw thaum lub sijhawm teeb txheeb (thiab yuav rov muab kho tau tom qab kev txhim kho tsav tsheb thiab qhov chaw sib txuas).

Thaum tiav ntawm lub installation, koj tuaj yeem khiav Oracle VM VirtualBox.

Tsim lub tshuab virtual hauv VirtualBox

Ceebtoom: virtual machines yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntawm VT-x lossis AMD-V hauv BIOS kom tau txais kev pabcuam hauv lub computer. Feem ntau nws yog enabled los ntawm lub neej, tab sis yog tias muaj ib yam dab tsi mus lawm, xav txog qhov no.

Tam sim no wb tsim peb thawj virtual tshuab. Hauv qhov piv txwv hauv qab no, VirtualBox khiav hauv qhov rais yog siv raws li cov qhua OS (qhov ib uas yog virtualized) yog Windows 10.

1. Nyem "Tsim" nyob rau hauv Oracle VM VirtualBox Manager window.
2. Nyob rau hauv "Specify lub npe thiab hom OS" qhov rais, qhia meej txog lub npe ntawm lub tshuab virtual, xaiv hom OS uas yuav muab tso rau nws thiab OS version. Hauv kuv tsev neeg - Qhov rai 10 x 64. Nyem tom ntej.
3. Qhia kom meej tias tus nqi ntawm RAM faib rau koj lub tshuab fais fab. Qhov tseeb, txaus rau nws ua hauj lwm, tiam sis tsis loj heev (vim hais tias lub cim xeeb "yuav tsum tau" tawm ntawm koj qhov system loj thaum lub tshuab cav pib). Kuv pom zoo ntawm qhov tseem ceeb hauv cheeb tsam "ntsuab".
4. Hauv qhov rais ntxiv, xaiv "Tsim kom muaj ib qho tshiab virtual disk".
5. Xaiv ib hom ntawv disc. Nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, yog tias qhov virtual disk yuav tsis siv lwm tus VirtualBox - VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image).
6. Qhia kom meej rau qhov loj los yog qhov loj ntawm lub hard disk siv. Feem ntau kuv siv "Tsau" thiab tuav kuv qhov loj.
7. Qhia kom meej qhov luaj li cas ntawm cov tawv hard disk thiab nws qhov chaw nyob ntawm lub computer los yog lwm tsav (qhov loj yuav tsum yog txaus rau qhov kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam ntawm tus qhua khiav hauj lwm qhov system). Nyem "Tsim" thiab tos kom txog thaum uas tsim cov virtual disk tiav.
8. Ua li cas, lub tshuab virtual tau tsim thiab yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov npe ntawm sab laug hauv VirtualBox qhov rais. Txhawm rau saib cov lus qhia, xws li tom qhov screenshot, nyem rau ntawm sab xis ntawm sab xis ntawm "Machine" khawm thiab xaiv "Lus".

Lub tshuab virtual yog tsim, txawm li ntawd los, yog tias koj pib nws, koj yuav tsis pom dab tsi tshwj tsis yog muaj cov vijtsam dub nrog cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog kev pabcuam. Ie tsuas yog lub "virtual computer" tau tsim kom deb thiab tsis muaj kev khiav hauj lwm qhov nruab rau nws.

Txhim kho qhov rais hauv VirtualBox

Yuav kom nruab qhov rais, hauv peb qhov rai 10, hauv VirtualBox virtual tshuab, koj yuav xav tau ib daim duab nrog ISO system (saib Yuav ua li cas mus download tau daim duab ISO ntawm qhov rais 10). Ntxiv cov kauj ruam yuav raws li nram no.

1. Ntxig rau ISO duab rau hauv lub DVD tsav. Ua qhov no, xaiv lub tshuab raj hauv cov kab lus ntawm sab laug, nyem qhov "Configure" khawm, mus rau "Media", xaiv ib tug disk, nias rau lub khawm nrog lub disk thiab xub, thiab xaiv "Xaiv cov duab ntawm cov disk qhov muag." Qhia kom meej txog txoj kev mus rau daim duab. Ces nyob rau hauv System qhov chaw nyob hauv khau seem, muab qhov Optical Disk rau thawj qhov chaw hauv daim ntawv. Nyem OK.
2. Nyob rau hauv lub qhov rais loj, nyem "Khiav." Lub tshuab ua ntej tsim virtual yuav pib, thiab lub khau raj yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm daim disk (ntawm cov duab ISO), koj tuaj yeem nruab qhov rais li koj xav tau ntawm lub computer. Tag nrho cov kauj ruam ntawm thawj lub installation yog zoo ib yam li cov neeg hauv computer, saib Kev Tshawb Xyuas Qhov Khaub Ncaws 10 ntawm USB flash drive.
3. Tom qab qhov rais tau raug nruab thiab khiav lawm, koj yuav tsum nruab ib co tsav tsheb uas yuav tso cai rau cov qhua tuaj yeem ua haujlwm (thiab tsis tas siv cov cai nres) hauv lub tshuab fais fab. Ua qhov no, xaiv "Connect VirtualBox ntxiv-rau disk duab" los ntawm cov ntawv qhia "Devices", qhib CD hauv lub tshuab virtual thiab khiav cov ntaub ntawv VBoxWindowsAdditions.exe txhawm rau txhim kho cov tsav no. Yog hais tias daim duab tsis nce, kaw lub tshuab fais fab thiab tsa qhov duab los ntawm C: Cov ntaub ntawv Oracle VirtualBox VBoxGuestAdditions.iso hauv xov xwm chaw (raws li nyob hauv thawj kauj ruam) thiab mam li pib lub tshuab ntxhua rov dua, thiab nruab ntawm lub disk.

Thaum lub installation tiav thiab lub tshuab fais fab rov yog pib, nws yuav ua haujlwm zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, tej zaum koj yuav tau ua qee qhov chaw siab tshaj.

BasicBox Virtual Machine Chaw

Nyob rau hauv lub tshuab virtual (Nco ntsoov tias ntau qhov chaw tsis muaj thaum lub tshuab virtual khiav), koj tuaj yeem hloov cov hauv qab no:

1. Hauv qhov "General" ntawm qhov "Advanced" tab, koj tuaj yeem pab kom muaj ntau daim ntawv teev lus nrog lub hauv paus loj thiab Drag-n-Drop muaj nuj nqi rau cov ntaub ntawv dragging rau hauv lossis tawm ntawm cov qhua OS.
2. Nyob hauv seem "System", daim ntawv hais txog EFI (rau installation ntawm GPT disk), qhov loj ntawm RAM, pes tsawg tus processor cores (tsis qhia tus naj npawb ntau tshaj li tus lej ntawm koj lub computer qhov processor) thiab qhov feem pua ​​ntawm lawv siv (tsawg feem ntau tshwm sim qhov tseeb hais tias cov qhua system "maj mus").
3. Nyob rau ntawm "zaub" tab, koj tuaj yeem pab 2D thiab 3D acceleration, teev tus nqi ntawm lub cim xeeb rau lub tshuab virtual.
4. Nyob rau ntawm "Media" tab - ntxiv disk drives, virtual hard disks.
5. Hauv USB tab, ntxiv USB khoom (uas yog lub cev txuas nrog koj lub computer), piv txwv li, USB flash drive, rau lub tshuab fais fab (nias ntawm USB icon nrog ib qho ntxiv rau ntawm sab xis). Siv USB 2.0 thiab USB 3.0 controllers, nruab rau Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pob (muaj nyob rau tib qho chaw uas koj download tau VirtualBox).
6. Hauv seem "Public Folders" koj tuaj yeem ntxiv cov folders uas yuav sib koom los ntawm lub ntsiab OS thiab lub tshuab fais fab.

Qee yam ntawm cov saum toj no yuav ua tau los ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khiav hauv tshuab raj loj: piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem txuas rau USB flash drive rau cov khoom Devices, eject los yog insert a disk (ISO), muab cov ntaub ntawv tso tawm, thiab lwm yam.

Lus qhia ntxiv

Thaum kawg, qee cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv uas yuav pab tau thaum siv VirtualBox virtual cov cav tov.

• Ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv ntiag tug thaum siv virtual cav yog qhov tsim ntawm "snapshot" ntawm qhov system hauv nws tam sim no lub xeev (nrog tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv, ntsia cov kev pabcuam thiab lwm yam) nrog lub peev xwm los dov rov qab mus rau lub xeev no txhua lub sijhawm (thiab qhov peev xwm los khaws ntau snapshots). Koj nqa tau snapshot nyob rau hauv VirtualBox ntawm lub tshuab ntxhua khiav hauv tshuab raj - "Siv lub snapshot ntawm lub xeev". Thiab rov qab los ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm virtual tshuab los txhaj "Machine" - "Snapshots" thiab xaiv "Snapshots" tab.
• Qee qhov kev ua yuam kev tseem ceeb yog kev cuam tshuam los ntawm kev khiav hauj lwm loj (piv txwv, Ctrl + Alt + Del). Yog tias koj xav xa ib daim ntawv luv thev mus rau lub tshuab ua haujlwm, siv qhov "Enter" menu.
• Lub tshuab virtual ua tau "ntes" cov tswv yim ntaus ntawv thiab nas (kom koj tsis tuaj yeem hloov cov tswv yim mus rau qhov tseem ceeb). Los "tso tawm" cov keyboard thiab nas, yog tias tsim nyog, siv lub party qhov tseem ceeb (los ntawm lub neej ntawd, qhov no yog txoj cai Ctrl).
• Microsoft lub website tau npaj txhij ua dawb lub qhov rais virtual tshuab rau VirtualBox, uas yog txaus rau import thiab khiav. Cov lus qhia yuav ua li cas ua li no: Yuav ua li cas download tau dawb lub tshuab virtual virtual ntawm Microsoft.