Tshem tawm cov lus nrog txhua tus txheem hauv MS tsab ntawv

Ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm Google Disk yog khaws ntau hom ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv cov huab, ob qho tib si rau tus kheej cov hom phiaj (piv txwv li, thaub qab) thiab kom ceev ceev thiab yooj yim cov ntaub ntawv sib qhia (raws li ib hom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xa mus). Nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov no, yuav luag txhua tus neeg siv ntawm qhov kev pab cuam sai dua los yog tom qab raug kev nyuaj nrog qhov xav tau mus download tau dab tsi yog yav dhau los uploaded rau huab cia. Nyob hauv peb daim ntawv xov xwm niaj hnub no peb yuav piav txog qhov no ua tiav.

Download tau ntaub ntawv los ntawm disk

Obviously, yog daus los ntawm Google Drive, cov neeg siv txhais tau tias tsis tsuas yog tau txais cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lawv tus kheej huab cia, tab sis kuj los ntawm lwm tus neeg, uas lawv tau txais kev pab los yog tsuas yog muab ib qhov txuas. Kev ua hauj lwm kuj yuav nyuaj rau qhov tseeb tias qhov kev pab cuam peb xav tau thiab nws cov neeg thov kev pab cuam yog cov ntoo khaub lig-platform, uas yog, siv rau ntau yam khoom siv thiab hauv ntau lub tshuab, qhov twg muaj kev sib txawv ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm zoo li ntawd. Tias yog vim li cas ntxiv peb yuav qhia txog txhua yam kev ua tau rau kev ua txoj haujlwm no.

Khoos phib tawj

Yog tias koj siv Google Disk, koj yuav paub tau tias nyob ntawm cov computers thiab cov laptops koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau nws tsis yog los ntawm lub vas sab website, tab sis kuj nrog kev pab los ntawm ib daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thawj zaug, daus ntaub ntawv tau ob qho tib si los ntawm nws tus kheej huab cia, thiab los ntawm lwm yam, thiab nyob rau hauv lub thib ob - tsuas yog los ntawm nws tus kheej. Xav txog ob qhov kev xaiv no.

Browser

Cov browser siv tau los ua haujlwm nrog Google Drive hauv web, tiam sis hauv peb tus qauv peb yuav siv cov Chrome hauv internet. Mus download tau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm koj qhov chaw cia, ua raws li cov kauj ruam:

  1. Ua ntej tshaj, nco ntsoov tias koj tau tso cai rau hauv Google account, cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm daim disk uas koj npaj mus download tau. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov teeb meem, nyeem peb tsab xov xwm no lub npe.

    Nyeem ntxiv: Yuav ua li cas nkag rau hauv koj tus account hauv Google Drive
  2. Rov qab mus rau qhov ceev cia, cov ntaub ntawv lossis cov ntaub ntawv uas koj xav mus download tau rau koj lub computer. Qhov no yog ua kom zoo ib yam li hauv tus qauv "Explorer"muab tso rau hauv txhua lub tshuab ntawm qhov rais - qhib yog ua ob-txhaj khawm lawm nas khawm (LMB).
  3. Thaum pom cov khoom tsim nyog, txoj cai-nias rau ntawm nws (txoj cai-nias) thiab xaiv cov khoom hauv cov ntawv qhia zaub mov "Download".

    Hauv qhov rai qhov rai, qhia kom paub cov npe rau nws qhov chaw, qhia lub npe, yog tias tsim nyog, thiab nias rau ntawm lub pob "Txuag".

    Nco Ntsoov: Daus nws ua tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm lub ntsiab lus teb cov ntawv qhia, tab sis kuj siv ib qho ntawm cov cuab yeej tau hais rau saum toj kawg nkaus toolbar - ib lub pob nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib feem ntsug dot, uas yog hu ua "Lwm qhov". Los ntawm txhaj rau nws, koj yuav pom ib yam zoo sib xws. "Download", tab sis ua ntej koj yuav tsum xaiv cov ntaub ntawv lossis cov ntawv nplaub tshev nrog ib qho nias.

    Yog tias koj xav tau ntau dua ib daim ntawv los ntawm ib daim nplaub tshev, xaiv tag nrho lawv, ua ntej txhaj tus nas laug khawm ib zaug ib zaug, ces tuav lub khawm "CTRL" ntawm cov keyboard, rau txhua tus so. Yog xav mus download, hu rau lub ntsiab lus teb ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm ib qho ntawm cov khoom tau xaiv lossis siv lub npe khawm dhau los ntawm qhov toolbar.

    Nco Ntsoov: Yog hais tias koj download tau ntau cov ntaub ntawv, lawv yuav xub tau packed rau hauv ZIP-archive (qhov no tshwm sim rau ntawm qhov website Disk) thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd lawv yuav downloaded.

    Downloadable folders kuj tau ua archives.

  4. Thaum lub download tag, cov ntaub ntawv los yog cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Google huab cia yuav tau rua hauv cov directory koj teev nyob rau hauv lub PC disk. Yog tias muaj kev xav tau, siv cov lus qhia saum toj no, koj tuaj yeem luam tawm lwm cov ntaub ntawv.

  5. Yog li, nrog cov ntaub ntawv tawm los ntawm koj Google Drive, peb xam nws tawm, tam sim no cia peb tsiv mus rau lwm tus neeg. Thiab qhov no, txhua yam koj xav tau yog muaj qhov txuas ncaj qha rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv (lossis cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv) tsim los ntawm tus tswv tsev cov ntaub ntawv.

  1. Ua raws li qhov txuas mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv hauv Google Disk lossis luam thiab paste rau hauv qhov chaw nyob ntawm tus browser, ces nyem qhov "LUS".
  2. Yog tias qhov txuas tiag tiag muab cov ntaub ntawv, koj tuaj yeem xauj cov ntaub ntawv nyob hauv nws (yog nws yog tus ceev lossis ZIP archive) thiab tam sim ntawd pib downloading.

    Kev saib yog ua tib yam li ntawm koj tus kheej cov disk los yog hauv "Explorer" (ob npaug nias kom qhib lub directory thiab / lossis cov ntaub ntawv).

    Tom qab nias lub khawm "Download" tus txheem browser yeej qhib, qhov twg koj yuav tsum qhia kom meej rau daim nplaub tshev kom txuag, yog tias tsim nyog, qhia lub npe yam rau cov ntaub ntawv thiab ces nias "Txuag".
  3. Nws cia li yooj yim mus download tau ntaub ntawv los ntawm Google Drive, yog tias koj muaj ib qhov txuas rau lawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem txuag tau cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov txuas hauv koj tus kheej huab, qhov no yog muab rau koj tus khawm sib luag.

  4. Raws li koj tau pom, tsis muaj dab tsi yooj yim hauv downloading ntaub ntawv los ntawm huab cia rau lub computer. Thaum xa mus rau koj qhov profile, vim li cas, muaj ntau ntau lub sijhawm.

Daim ntawv thov

Google Drive nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm lub PC daim ntawv thov, thiab nws kuj siv tau los mus download tau cov ntaub ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tsuas ua li no nrog rau koj cov ntaub ntawv uas twb tau muab yav dhau los ua huab, tab sis tseem tsis tau synchronized nrog lub computer (piv txwv li, vim qhov tseeb tias qhov kev ua haujlwm synchronization tsis muaj feem xyuam rau ib qho ntawm cov Wage lossis nws cov ntsiab lus). Li no, tus txheem ntawm huab cia tau muab theej mus rau qhov nyuaj disk, txawm tias ib nrab lossis nkaus.

Nco Ntsoov: Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov folders uas koj pom hauv koj phau ntawv qhia Google Drive ntawm koj lub PC twb muab tso tawm, uas yog, lawv muab cia ib txhij nyob rau hauv cov huab thiab ntawm lub cev cia ntaus.

  1. Khiav Google Drive (tus thov kev pabcuam hu ua thaub qab thiab Sync Ntawm Google) yog tias nws tsis tau pib ua ntej. Koj tuaj yeem nrhiav nws hauv daim ntawv qhia zaub mov. "Pib".

    Txoj cai-nias rau ntawm daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv daim ntawv tais kab ke, ces nias rau ntawm lub pob nyob hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib ntsug ellipsis los nqa nws cov zaub mov. Xaiv los ntawm daim ntawv teev lus qhib. "Tej chaw".
  2. Nyob rau hauv lub sidebar, mus rau tab Google Drive. Ntawm no, yog tias koj khij qhov khoom nrog ib qho cim "Sync tsuas yog cov folders", koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov folders uas nws cov ntsiab lus yuav muab luam tawm rau hauv lub computer.

    Qhov no yog tsim los ntawm qhov chaw kos cov checkboxes, thiab "qhib" cov npe uas koj xav tau nyem rau ntawm txoj kab taw rau sab xis. Hmoov tsis, muaj peev xwm xaiv tej ntaub ntawv rau download yog ploj lawm, koj tsuas tuaj yeem synchronize tag nrho cov folders nrog tag nrho cov txheem.
  3. Tom qab ua tiav qhov tsim nyog nqis, nias "OK" kaw lub qhov rais daim ntawv thov.

    Thaum synchronization tiav, cov kev qhia koj tau xaiv yuav muab ntxiv rau Google Drive nplaub tshev rau hauv koj lub computer, thiab koj yuav muaj peev xwm nkag tau tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lawv siv qhov system folders. "Explorer".
  4. Peb tau saib yuav ua li cas mus download tau cov ntaub ntawv, folders, thiab txawm tag nrho archives nrog cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Google Disk mus rau PC. Raws li koj tau pom, qhov no yuav ua tau tsis tas rau hauv qhov browser, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv thov proprietary. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thib ob, koj tuaj yeem sib txuas nrog koj tus kheej tus account.

Smartphones thiab ntsiav tshuaj

Zoo li feem ntau ntawm cov kev siv thiab cov kev pab cuam ntawm Google, daim disk muaj nyob rau kev siv ntawm mobile li khiav hauv Android thiab iOS no, qhov twg nws tau nthuav tawm raws li nyias daim ntawv thov. Nrog nws, koj tuaj yeem download tau rau hauv qhov chaw cia nrog koj cov ntaub ntawv, thiab cov uas tau txais kev tso cai rau pej xeem los ntawm lwm cov neeg siv. Cia peb los saib xyuas seb qhov no tiav li cas.

Hauv

Nyob rau ntau lub xov tooj ntawm tes thiab ntsiav tshuaj nrog Android, daim ntawv thov Disk twb tau muab, tab sis yog hais tias tsis muaj leej twg, koj yuav tsum hu rau Tsev Ua Si Ua Si rau nruab.

Download Google Drive ntawm Google ua si cia

  1. Siv qhov txuas saum toj no, nruab ib daim ntawv thov kev pab ntawm koj lub xov tooj ntawm tes thiab tso tawm.
  2. Kos seb cov huab txig cia nta los ntawm qhov pib ntawm peb lub vijtsam tos txais. Yog tias tsim nyog, uas tsis zoo li, nkag mus rau hauv koj tus account hauv Google, cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub disk uas koj npaj mus download tau.

    Saib kuj: Yuav ua li cas nkag mus rau hauv Google Drive rau hauv
  3. Next rau daim nplaub tshev uas koj npaj xa cov ntaub ntawv mus rau sab hauv. Nias rau ntawm peb lub ntsug dauv rau sab xis lub npe, thiab xaiv "Download" nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov ntawm cov kev xaiv muaj.


    Tsis zoo li lub PC, ntawm mobile pab kiag li lawm koj tuaj yeem sib cuam tshuam nrog cov tib neeg cov ntaub ntawv, tag nrho daim nplaub tshev tsis tuaj yeem raug downloaded. Tab sis yog tias koj xav tau mus download tau ob peb yam ntawm ib zaug, xaiv thawj ib qho los ntawm tuav koj tus ntiv tes rau ntawm nws, thiab mam li kos tus so ntawm kov qhov screen. Hauv qhov no, qhov khoom "Download" Nws yuav tsis tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov xwb, tab sis kuj nyob rau lub vaj huam sib luag uas tshwm hauv qab.

    Yog tias tsim nyog, muab daim ntawv tso cai tso cai rau cov duab, multimedia thiab cov ntaub ntawv. Lub download yuav pib cia li, uas yuav tsum tau kos npe los ntawm lub npe duab nyob rau hauv qis cheeb tsam ntawm lub qhov rais loj.

  4. Qhov ua tiav ntawm qhov download tau muaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev ceeb toom hauv cov neeg dig muag. Cov ntaub ntawv xwb yuav tsum nyob hauv daim nplaub tshev "Downloads", uas koj tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tuav ntaub ntawv.
  5. Yeem: Yog tias koj xav tau, koj tuaj yeem ua cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov huab muaj offline - hauv qhov no, lawv tseem yuav muab khaws cia rau hauv Disk, tab sis koj tuaj yeem qhib lawv yam tsis muaj kev txuas hauv internet. Qhov no yog ua nyob rau hauv tib lub tshuab raj los ntawm lub download yog nqa tawm - cia li xaiv cov ntaub ntawv los yog cov ntaub ntawv, thiab tom qab ntawd kos lub thawv Offline Access.

    Li no koj tuaj yeem luam tau ib tus neeg cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm koj tus kheej Disk thiab tsuas yog siv los ntawm ib daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb. Xav seb yuav ua li cas mus download tau qhov txuas mus rau ib qho ntaub ntawv los yog ceev los ntawm lwm tus cia, tab sis saib ua ntej, peb nco ntsoov tias qhov no nws tseem yog qhov yooj yim dua.

  1. Ua raws li qhov txuas los yog luam koj tus kheej thiab muab nws tso rau hauv qhov chaw nyob ntawm koj tus mobile browser, ces nias "LUS" nyob rau hauv lub virtual keyboard.
  2. Koj tuaj yeem muab cov ntaub ntawv tam sim ntawd tuaj yeem luam tawm, uas yog lub khawm coj los siv. Yog koj pom daim ntawv teev npe "Yuam Kev Tsis Txhob Ua Phem Tsis Tau Ua Piv Txwv Rau", xws li hauv peb tus piv txwv, tsis txhob mloog rau nws - yog vim li cas yog qhov loj los yog tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa.
  3. Tom qab nias lub khawm "Download" Lub qhov rais yuav tshwm sim tuaj nug koj kom xaiv ib daim ntawv thov kom ua txoj haujlwm no. Hauv qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau siv lub npe ntawm tus browser uas koj tab tom siv. Yog tias koj xav tau kev pom zoo, nias "Muaj" hauv qhov rais nrog lo lus nug.
  4. Tam sim ntawd tom qab ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv download yuav pib, qhov kev kawm uas koj tuaj yeem soj ntsuam hauv pawg neeg ceeb toom.
  5. Thaum ua tiav ntawm txoj haujlwm, xws li hauv Google Disk tus kheej, cov ntaub ntawv yuav muab tso rau hauv daim nplaub tshev "Downloads", mus rau qhov uas koj tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim rau tus thawj tswj hwm.

iOS no

Luam cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov huab cia nug txog tus iPhone nco, thiab ntau yam rau cov sandbox folders ntawm iOS apps, yog siv cov nom Google Drive neeg, muaj nyob rau installation ntawm Apple App khw.

Download Google Drive rau iOS los ntawm Kua App khw

  1. Nruab Google Drive los txhaj rau qhov txuas saum toj no, thiab mam li qhib daim ntawv thov.
  2. Kov kov "ID nkag mus" ntawm thawj kev tshuaj ntsuam ntawm tus neeg mob thiab nkag mus rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam uas siv cov ntaub ntawv hauv Google. Yog tias muaj teeb meem nrog kev nkag, siv cov lus pom zoo los ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm qhov txuas mus ntxiv no.

    Nyeem ntau: Nkag mus rau hauv Google Drive account nrog iPhone

  3. Qhib cov directory ntawm lub disk, cov ntsiab lus uas koj xav mus download tau rau lub cim xeeb ntawm lub iOS no. Ze lub npe ntawm txhua cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov duab ntawm peb lub ntsiab lus, uas koj yuav tsum tau mus rhais kom qhib tau cov zaub mov uas ua tau.
  4. Tshem cov npe ntawm cov kev xaiv, nrhiav yam khoom ntawd "Qhib nrog" thiab kov nws. Tom ntej no, tos kom tiav ntawm qhov kev npaj rau kev xa khoom mus rau qhov cia cov cuab yeej ntawm lub tshuab ntaus ntawv (qhov ntev ntawm cov txheej txheem nyob ntawm seb hom ntawv thiab nws qhov ntim). Yog li ntawd, daim ntawv thov xaiv yuav tshwm sim hauv qab no, hauv daim nplaub tshev uas cov ntaub ntawv yuav muab tso rau.
  5. Ntxiv ua cov ob-variant:
    • Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv teev saum toj no, siv lub icon ntawm lub cuab tam rau cov ntaub ntawv ces yog npaj. Qhov no yuav pib xaiv cov ntawv thov thiab qhib seb koj muaj dab tsi (twb tau luam tawm hauv Google Disk).
    • Xaiv "Tseg rau" Cov Ntaub Ntawv thiab tom qab ntawd hais kom meej ntawm daim ntawv teev npe uas tau ua haujlwm nrog cov ntaub ntawv muab los ntawm "huab" ntawm qhov screen ntawm lub cuab tam uas tau tso tawm "Cov Ntaub Ntawv" los ntawm kua, tsim los tswj tus txheem ntawm lub cim xeeb iOS-ntaus ntawv. Ua kom tiav txoj haujlwm, nias "Ntxiv".

  6. Xaiv tau. Ntxiv rau qhov ua cov kauj ruam saum toj no, uas ua rau mus downloading cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov huab cia rau ib daim ntawv thov, koj tuaj yeem siv qhov haujlwm kom txuag tau cov ntaub ntawv rau lub cim xeeb ntawm lub iOS no. Offline Access. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias muaj ntau ntau cov ntaub ntawv theej rau cov cuab yeej, vim tias qhov kev ua hauj lwm hauv batch hauv Google Drive rau iOS no tsis yog muab.

    • Mus rau ntawm cov npe hauv Google Drive, nias ntev ntawm lub npe, xaiv cov ntaub ntawv. Tom qab ntawd, hauv kev sib tw ceev, kos cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim nplaub tshev uas koj xav kom txuag tau los ntawm Apple app yog tias koj tsis txuas nrog Internet. Tom qab ua tiav qhov kev xaiv, nias ntawm peb lub dots ntawm sab saum toj ntawm qhov screen rau sab xis.
    • Ntawm cov khoom nyob hauv zaub mov hauv qab no, xaiv "Enable offline access". Tom qab qee lub sijhawm, nyob hauv cov ntaub ntawv cov npe yuav tshwm sim, qhia tias lawv muaj los ntawm lub cuab yeej txhua lub sijhawm.

Yog tias koj xav tau mus download tau cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog los ntawm "koj" Google Disk, tab sis tom qab qhov txuas tau muab los ntawm qhov kev pab cuam los muab cov neeg siv nkag mus rau hauv cov khoom ntawm lub chaw cia khoom, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw iOS no koj yuav tau siv qhov chaw siv los siv daim ntawv thov thib peb. Feem ntau yog siv cov ntaub ntawv tswj, nruab nrog cov haujlwm ntawm kev muab cov ntaub ntawv tawm hauv lub network. Hauv peb piv txwv, qhov no yog qhov nrov "Explorer" rau cov khoom siv los ntawm Kua - Cov ntaub ntawv.

Download tau ntaub ntawv los ntawm Readdle los ntawm Apple App khw

Cov kauj ruam nram qab no tsuas yog siv mus rau cov tib neeg cov ntaub ntawv (tsis muaj peev xwm mus download tau lub nplaub tshev ntawm lub iOS ntais)! Koj kuj yuav tsum nqa mus rau hauv koj tus account hom ntawv ntawm cov loadable - txoj kev tsis muaj feem xyuam rau qee cov ntaub ntawv pawg!

  1. Luam qhov txuas rau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Google Disk los ntawm lub cuab tam uas koj tau txais nws (e-mail, instant messenger, browser, thiab lwm yam). Ua qhov no, ntev nias rau ntawm qhov chaw nyob kom qhib qhov kev ua yeeb yam thiab xaiv "Copy link".
  2. Tua Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tso Tawm thiab mus rau ntawm qhov chaw "Explorer" Web browser nrog tapping Compass nyob rau hauv qis cai sab ntawm lub ntsiab ntawm daim ntawv thov.
  3. Ntev xovxwm hauv thaj teb "Mus rau qhov chaw nyob" hu rau lub pob Muab tshuaj txhuamcoj mus rhaub nws thiab mam li qab "Mus" nyob rau hauv lub virtual keyboard.
  4. Coj mus rhaub khawm "Download" nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub vev xaib uas tau qhib. Yog hais tias cov ntaub ntawv yog tus ua los ntawm lub ntim loj, ces koj yuav raug coj mus rau nplooj ntawv nrog kev ceeb toom txog qhov kev tsis pom los xyuas nws rau kab mob - nyem qhov no. "Download tau lawm". Nyob rau tom ntej screen "Txuag Cov Ntaub Ntawv" yog tias tsim nyog, hloov cov ntaub ntawv lub npe thiab xaiv nws lub hom phiaj. Tom ntej no, kov "Ua li cas".
  5. Nws nyob twj ywm tos rau lub download kom tiav - koj tuaj yeem saib cov txheej txheem ntawm tapping lub icon "Downloads" nyob hauv qab ntawm qhov screen. Cov ntaub ntawv resulting yog pom nyob rau hauv cov npe teev nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam saum toj no, uas tuaj yeem pom los ntawm "Cov ntaub ntawv" cov ntaub ntawv tus thawj coj.
  6. Raws li koj tau pom, muaj peev xwm mus download tau tus txheem ntawm Google Drive rau mobile li yog me ntsis txwv (tshwj xeeb yog hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm iOS no), piv rau kev daws qhov teeb meem ntawm lub computer. Tib lub sij hawm, muaj feem ntau cov tswv yim yooj yooj yim, nws yog qhov ua tau kom tseg tau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm huab cia hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm lub smartphone los yog ntsiav tshuaj.

Xaus

Tam sim no koj paub xyov yuav ua li cas mus download tau ib tug neeg cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm Google Drive thiab txawm tag nrho cov folders, archives. Qhov no yuav ua tau rau txhua yam cuab yeej, ua kom nws lub computer, laptop, smartphone los yog ntsiav tshuaj, thiab tsuas yog siv ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv Internet thiab ncaj nraim mus rau qhov chaw cia huab lossis daim ntawv thov, txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm iOS no nws yuav tsim nyog siv cov cuab yeej sab nraud. Peb cia siab tias cov ntaub ntawv no pab tau rau koj.