BIOS (los ntawm cov lus Askiv. Kev Tawm Tswv Yim / Tso Tawm Zog) - qhov kev tawm tswv yim yooj yim / tsim tawm uas yog lub luag hauj lwm ntawm kev pib lub koos pij tawj thiab qes-theem ntawm nws lub cheebtsam. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav qhia tias nws ua hauj lwm li cas, nws yog dab tsi, thiab qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo li cas.
Bios
Ntshe lub cev, BIOS yog ib co ntawm microprograms soldered rau hauv ib lub nti ntawm daim duab. Yog tias tsis muaj qhov ntaus ntawv no, lub computer tsuas tsis paub ua dab tsi tom qab lub hwj huam khoom - los ntawm qhov chaw yuav ntsaws qhov kev khiav hauj lwm qhov system, ceev npaum li cas cov cua txias yuav tsum saws, seb nws puas muaj peev xwm tig rau lub cuab yeej los ntawm nias nas khawm lossis keyboard, thiab lwm yam.
Tsis yuav tsis meej pem "BIOS SetUp" (xiav cov ntawv qhia zaub mov uas koj tuaj yeem tau txais los ntawm txhaj rau cov khawm ntawm cov keyboard thaum lub computer booting) los ntawm BIOS nws tus kheej. Thawj yog tsuas yog ib qho ntawm ob peb cov kev zov me nyuam raug kaw tseg rau hauv BIOS lub ntsiab nti.
BIOS chips
Cov kev tawm tswv yim yooj yim / cov zis yog sau rau cov twj uas tsis muaj suab thaj. Nyob rau hauv daim duab niam ntawv, nws zoo li lub microcircuit, tom ntej uas yog lub roj teeb.
Yog vim li cas qhov kev txiav txim siab no yog qhov BIOS yuav tsum ua haujlwm txhua hnub, tsis hais seb puas tau hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob los yog tsis tau. Lub plhaub yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo los ntawm lwm yam, vim hais tias muaj kev cuam tshuam, yuav tsis muaj cov lus qhia hauv lub computer lub cim xeeb uas yuav cia nws ntsaws lub OS los yog siv lub caij tsheb npav tam sim no.
Muaj ob hom chips twg BIOS tau nruab:
- ERPROM (erasable reprogrammable ROM) - cov ntsiab lus ntawm xws li daim tawv nqaij tau tsuas yog erased vim raug mus rau ultraviolet qhov chaw. Qhov no yog ib yam khoom tsis zoo uas tsis yog tam sim no siv.
- Eeprom (hluav taws xob erasable reprogrammable ROM) - ib tug niaj hnub version, cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm uas yuav raug puas los ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob lub teeb liab, uas tso cai rau koj tsis tshem tawm cov nti los ntawm lev. cov nqi. Rau tej khoom siv, koj tuaj yeem hloov BIOS, uas tso cai rau koj kom nce PC kev ua haujlwm, nthuav cov npe ntawm cov kev pabcuam uas txhawb los ntawm lub motherboard, kho qhov teebmeem thiab ua tsis tau los ntawm nws lub khw.
Nyeem ntxiv: Qhia txog BIOS ntawm lub computer
BIOS ua haujlwm
Lub ntsiab kev ua haujlwm thiab lub homphiaj ntawm BIOS yog qhov tsawg-tsawg, kev kho vajtse kho ntawm cov khoom siv hauv computer. Lub subprogram "BIOS SetUp" yog lub luag hauj lwm rau qhov no. Nrog nws pab koj tuaj yeem:
- Teeb lub sij hawm tsim;
- Txhim kho qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, qhov no yog, qhia kom meej ntawm cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum muab thawj zaug rau hauv RAM, thiab ua li cas ntawm tus so;
- Pab los yog lov tes taw ua cov hauj lwm ntawm cov khoom, teeb qhov hluav taws xob rau lawv thiab ntau yam ntxiv.
BIOS ua haujlwm
Thaum lub computer pib, yuav luag tag nrho cov khoom nruab rau hauv nws tig mus rau BIOS nti rau cov lus qhia ntxiv. Xws li lub hwj chim-rau tus kheej-xeem yog hu ua POST (lub zog-rau tus kheej xeem). Yog hais tias lub Cheebtsam, tsis muaj lub PC yuav tsis muaj khau raj (RAM, ROM, I / O cov cuab yeej, thiab lwm yam.), Dhau kev sim ua haujlwm, lub BIOS pib nrhiav rau tus thawj xibfwb cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus ntawm qhov operating system (MBR). Yog hais tias nws pom nws, ces tus tswj ntawm qhov kho vajtse yog kis rau OS thiab nws yog loaded. Tam sim no, nyob ntawm qhov kev khiav hauj lwm, BIOS hloov tag nrho kev tswj hwm rau lub Cheeb Tsam (feem ntau rau Windows thiab Linux) los sis tsuas yog siv cov kev siv yooj yim (MS-DOS). Tom qab OS muaj loaded, txoj haujlwm BIOS tuaj yeem xav ua tiav. Xws li tus txheej txheem yuav tshwm sim txhua zaus thaum lub zog tshiab thiab tom qab ntawd.
BIOS neeg siv kev sib txuas
Yuav kom tau txais daim ntawv qhia zaub mov BIOS thiab hloov qee yam tsis muaj nyob rau hauv nws, koj yuav tsum nias ib qho khawm thaum lub sijhawm pib PC. Cov yuam sij no yuav txawv qhov sib txawv ntawm cov chaw tsim tshuaj. Feem ntau nws "F1", "F2", "ESC" lossis "DELETE".
I / O cov zaub mov ntawm txhua lub tuam txhab muag khoom zoo li tib yam. Koj tuaj yeem paub tseeb tias lub ntsiab tseem ceeb (teev rau hauv qhov hu ua "BIOS Functions" ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no) yuav tsis txawv ntawm lawv.
Saib kuj: Yuav ua li cas thiaj nkag tau rau hauv BIOS ntawm lub computer
Yog tias qhov kev hloov tsis tau txais kev cawmdim, lawv tuaj yeem tsis siv rau lub PC. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tsim txhua yam kom zoo thiab thwj, vim hais tias muaj qhov yuam kev nyob rau hauv BIOS nqis tuaj yeem ua rau qhov tseeb tias lub computer nres booting, thiab raws li qhov siab tshaj plaws, qee qhov ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ua tsis tau. Qhov no tej zaum nws yuav yog tus processor, yog tias koj tsis ua raws li kev sib hloov ntawm cov cua txias kom txias, los yog lub hwj huam, yog tias koj tsis muab qhov hluav taws xob rov rau lub motherboard - ntau txoj kev xaiv thiab ntau ntawm lawv tseem ceeb rau kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm lub cuab yeej ua ke. Tsi zoo, muaj ib NCEJ, uas tuaj yeem tso cai yuam kev ntawm lub monitor, thiab yog hais tias muaj cov neeg hais lus, nws tuaj yeem muab cov teeb liab ntsig, uas qhia tau tias yog qhov yuam kev.
Ib qho xov tooj ntawm cov teeb meem tuaj yeem pab rov pib dua BIOS qhov chaw, kawm ntxiv txog qhov no hauv tsab xov xwm hauv peb lub vev xaib, nyob rau ntawm qhov link hauv qab no.
Nyeem ntau: Txais BIOS nqis
Xaus
Hauv tsab ntawv no, lub tswvyim ntawm BIOS, nws lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, tus qauv ntawm kev ua haujlwm, daim tawv nqaij uas nws muaj peev xwm yuav ntsia tau, thiab qee qhov lwm yam tau raug suav hais tias yog. Peb cia siab tias cov ntaub ntawv no tau txaus siab rau koj thiab pub peb kawm tej yam tshiab los yog kom rov muaj kev paub dua.
