Lub BCG matrix yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom lag luam nrov tshaj plaws. Nrog nws cov kev pab, koj tuaj yeem xaiv cov paj lug zoo tshaj plaws rau kev txhawb cov khoom ntawm lub lag luam. Cia peb mam li paub seb qhov teeb meem ntawm BCG yog li cas thiab seb yuav siv nws li cas los siv Excel.
BKG Matrix
Lub tswv yim ntawm Boston Consulting Group (BCG) yog lub hauv paus rau kev txheeb xyuas ntawm cov pab pawg ntawm cov khoom, uas yog nce raws qhov kev nce qib ntawm kev ua lag luam thiab hauv lawv cov sib faib nyob hauv ib lub lag luam tshwj xeeb.
Raws li lub hom phiaj txhim kho, tag nrho cov khoom raug muab faib ua plaub hom:
- "Cov dev";
- "Hnub qub";
- "Cov menyuam yaus nyuaj";
- "Cov nyuj ntsuab".
"Cov dev" - Cov khoom no muaj cov khoom lag luam me me hauv ib kem nrog tsawg tsawg. Raws li txoj cai, lawv txoj kev loj hlob yog xam tsis txaus. Lawv yog cov tsis tuaj yeem, lawv cov khoom yuav tsum raug muab tsoo.
"Cov menyuam yaus nyuaj" - Cov khoom lag luam me me, tab sis nyob hauv ib lub voj voog loj hlob. Pawg no kuj muaj lwm lub npe - "maub nees". Qhov no yog vim muaj qhov tseeb tias lawv muaj kev vam meej ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, tab sis tib lub sij hawm lawv xav tau cov kev tso nyiaj tsis tu ncua rau lawv txoj kev loj hlob.
"Cov nyuj ntsuab" - Cov khoom no yog cov khoom lag luam uas muaj feem sib npaug ntawm cov lag luam tsis muaj zog. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov nyiaj khwv tau los, cov nyiaj khwv tau los uas lub tuam txhab tuaj yeem ncaj nceeg. "Cov menyuam yaus nyuaj" thiab "Hnub qub". Lawv tus kheej "Cov nyuj ntsuab" cov kev nqis peev tsis tas yuav tsum muaj.
"Hnub qub" - Qhov no yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws pab pawg nrog ib qho lag luam tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam ceev ceev. Cov khoom no twb tau nyiaj ntau ntau lawm, tab sis cov nyiaj tso rau hauv lawv yuav cia qhov nyiaj tau los nce siab dua.
Lub luag hauj lwm ntawm tus qauv ntawm BCG yog los txiav txim xyuas seb cov twg ntawm cov pawg no tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi mus rau ib yam khoom tshwj xeeb thiaj li ua tau haujlwm zoo rau nws txoj kev loj hlob ntxiv.
Tsim ib lub rooj rau lub BKG qauv
Tam sim no, siv ib qho piv txwv, peb tsim lub teeb meem ntawm BCG.
- Rau peb lub hom phiaj, peb siv 6 hom khoom. Rau txhua tus ntawm lawv yuav tsum sau cov lus qhia. Qhov no yog qhov ntim kev muag khoom rau lub sijhawm tam sim no thiab yav dhau los rau txhua qhov khoom, nrog rau cov khoom ntiag tug ntawm tus sib tw. Txhua cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg tau muab teev cia rau hauv ib lub rooj.
- Tom qab ntawd peb yuav tsum xam cov kev loj hlob ntawm lub khw. Rau qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los faib txhua yam khoom ntawm cov khoom tus nqi ntawm kev muag khoom rau lub sij hawm tam sim no los ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev muag khoom rau yav dhau los.
- Tom ntej no, peb xam rau txhua yam khoom sib piv cov lag luam tus kwv tij. Ua li no, kev muag khoom rau lub sijhawm tam sim no yuav tsum muab faib los ntawm kev muag khoom los ntawm tus sib tw.
Charting
Tom qab ntawm lub rooj uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv sau thawj zaug thiab cov ntaub ntawv, koj tuaj yeem pib ua ncaj nraim rau hauv daim phiaj siv nyiaj. Rau cov laj thawj no feem ntau cov khoom tsim npuas.
- Txav mus rau tab "Ntxig". Hauv pab pawg "Kab Cim" nyob rau hauv daim kab xev nyem rau ntawm lub pob "Lwm yam". Nyob rau hauv cov npe uas tau qhib, xaiv qhov chaw "Npuas".
- Qhov kev zov me nyuam yuav sim ua ib daim duab, uas tau sau cov ntaub ntawv raws li nws pom haum, tab sis, feem ntau, qhov kev sim no yuav tsis yog. Yog li, peb yuav tsum tau pab daim ntawv thov. Ua li no, txoj cai-nias ntawm daim ntawv qhia. Lub ntsiab lus teb ntsiab lus opens. Xaiv cov khoom hauv nws "Xaiv cov ntaub ntawv".
- Cov ntaub ntawv xaiv qhov rais qhib opens. Hauv teb "Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov lus dab neeg (kab)" nyem rau ntawm lub pob "Hloov".
- Tus kab qhib tshib qhov rais qhib. Hauv teb "Leej Twg" sau qhov chaw nyob ntawm tus thawj tus nqi ntawm kem "Lub npe". Ua li no, muab tus cursor hauv lub tshav pob thiab xaiv lub xovtooj uas tsim nyog rau ntawm daim ntawv.
Hauv teb X Qhov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv tib txoj kev nkag mus rau qhov chaw nyob ntawm thawj lub xovtooj ntawm kem "Txheeb Tus Khw Tshaj Tawm".
Hauv teb "Y qhov tseem ceeb" peb nkag mus rau qhov chaw ntawm thawj lub xovtooj ntawm kem "Kev Ua Lag Luam Tshaj Lij".
Hauv teb "Npuas ntau npaum li cas" peb nkag mus rau qhov chaw ntawm thawj lub xovtooj ntawm kem "Lub Sij Hawm".
Tom qab tag nrho cov saum toj no cov ntaub ntawv sau, nyem rau ntawm lub pob "OK".
- Peb ua tiav ib qho haujlwm zoo sib xws rau txhua yam khoom muag. Thaum twg daim pib tiav, nias qhov khawm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv xaiv qhov rais "OK".
Tom qab cov kev ua no, daim duab no yuav raug tsim.
Tshooj: Yuav ua li cas ua ib daim duab hauv Excel
Axis qhov chaw
Tam sim no peb yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv daim ntawv qhia kom raug. Ua kom tau qhov no, koj yuav tsum tau kho lub tsho.
- Mus rau lub tab "Layout" tab pawg "Ua hauj lwm nrog Charts". Tom ntej no, nias lub khawm "Axis" thiab kauj ruam yog kauj ruam "Lub ntsiab ntawm txoj kab rov tav" thiab "Ntxiv tsis ntawm lub ntsiab tav toj loj".
- Lub qhov taw qhia axis parameter yog qhib. Rearranging cov keyboards ntawm tag nrho qhov tseem ceeb los ntawm txoj hauj lwm "Pib" hauv "Tsau". Hauv teb "Yam tsawg kawg" peb tsim ib qho kev qhia "0,0", "Tus nqi ntau tshaj" - "2,0", "Tus nqi ntawm cov pawg tseem ceeb" - "1,0", "Tus nqi ntawm cov theem nrab" - "1,0".
Tom ntej nyob rau hauv qhov chaw pab pawg "Vertical axis tshuam" hloov lub pob mus rau txoj haujlwm "Axis nqi" thiab qhia tias tus nqi hauv thaj teb "1,0". Ndliv lub khawm "Kaw".
- Tom qab ntawd, ua tag nrho hauv tib lub tab "Layout"rov nias lub khawm "Axis". Tab sis tam sim no peb kauj ruam yog kauj ruam Ntsug Siab Ntsuas thiab "Ntxiv tsis ntawm lub ntsiab qhov ntsug qis".
- Lub qhov ntsug qhov axis qhib qhov rai. Tab sis npog, yog hais tias rau txoj kab tig ntsia txhua qhov tsis tau peb tau nkag tas li thiab tsis nyob ntawm seb cov ntaub ntawv tawm tswv yim, ces rau txoj kab axis qee yam ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau muab xam. Tab sis, qhov saum toj no, ib yam li lub sij hawm dhau los, peb hloov cov keyboards ntawm txoj hauj lwm "Pib" nyob hauv txoj hauj lwm "Tsau".
Hauv teb "Yam tsawg kawg" teeb tsa qhov ntsuas "0,0".
Tab sis qhov ntsuas hauv thaj teb "Tus nqi ntau tshaj" peb yuav tau xam. Nws yuav ua ncaj rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm tus kheej sib koom ua lag luam sib koom ua ke 2. Ntawd yog, hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yuav yog "2,18".
Rau tus nqi ntawm qhov tseem ceeb division peb coj qhov nruab nrab tus kwv tij kev lag luam sib qhia. Nyob rau hauv peb cov ntaub ntawv, nws yog "1,09".
Qhov kev ntsuas tib yam yuav tsum muab nkag rau hauv thaj av "Tus nqi ntawm cov theem nrab".
Tsis tas li, peb yuav tsum hloov lwm qhov kev ntsuas. Nyob rau hauv lub koom haum pab pawg "Kab rov tav axis tshuam" swap tus tes hloov mus rau txoj haujlwm "Axis nqi". Nyob rau hauv qhov tsim nyog teb dua sau tus nruab nrab txheeb ze tus lag luam sib qhia, uas yog, "1,09". Tom qab ntawd, nyem rau ntawm lub pob "Kaw".
- Tom qab ntawd peb kos npe rau ntawm txoj kab ntawm BKG qhov kev ua raws li cov cai tib yam uas tau kos npe rau ntawm kab kos duab. Cov kab rov tav yuav muaj npe. "Kev ua lag luam sib qhia", thiab ntsug - "Txoj Kev Loj Hlob Pes Tsawg".
Tshooj: Yuav ua li cas kos npe rau daim ntawv qhia nyob hauv Excel
Matrix tsom xam
Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov txiaj ntsim ntawm qhov xaus. Cov khoom, raws li lawv txoj hauj lwm nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub cim, muab faib ua pawg raws li nram no:
- "Cov dev" - qis dua lub quarter;
- "Cov menyuam yaus nyuaj" - sab laug lub tsev sab laug;
- "Cov nyuj ntsuab" - qis sab xis;
- "Hnub qub" - sab theem siab.
Yog li, "Yam khoom 2" thiab "Khoom 5" xa mus rau "Cov dev". Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lawv qhov kev tsim tawm yuav tsum raug txo kom tsawg.
"Khoom 1" hais txog "Nyuaj me nyuam" Cov khoom no yuav tsum tau tsim, ua lag luam nyob rau hauv nws txhais tau tias, tab sis tam sim no nws tsis muab xa rov qab.
"Yam khoom 3" thiab "Khoom 4" - nws yog "Cov nyuj ntsuab". Pawg pawg ntawm cov khoom no tsis tas yuav tsum muaj cov kev nqis peev uas tseem ceeb, thiab cov nyiaj tau los ntawm lawv qhov kev siv yuav raug xa mus rau kev tsim ntawm lwm pab pawg.
"Yam khoom 6" belongs rau ib pawg "Hnub qub". Nws twb tau ua paj lawm, tab sis ntau cov kev nqis peev tau ntxiv tau nyiaj tsawg.
Raws li koj tau pom, siv cov cuab yeej Excel los tsim kom tau ib qho kev sau nyiaj BCG no tsis yog qhov nyuaj vim nws yuav zoo li thaum xub thawj siab. Tab sis lub hauv paus rau lub tsev yuav tsum yog cov ntaub ntawv txhim khu kev qha.
