Yuav ua li cas kom cov laptop's RAM nce ntxiv

Ib hnub zoo.

Kuv xav tias tias rau ntau tus neeg siv nws yuav tsis tau ib daim card uas qhov kev ua tau ntawm lub laptop yog heev tiag nyob rau RAM. Thiab ntau RAM - qhov zoo dua, ntawm chav kawm! Tab sis tom qab qhov kev txiav txim siab ua rau kom nco thiab tau nws - ib lub roob tag nrho ntawm cov lus nug tshwm sim ...

Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no kuv xav tham txog qee yam ntawm lub ntsej muag muag los ntawm txhua tus uas txiav txim siab kom nce RAM ntawm lub laptop. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv cov chav kawm ntawm disassemble tag nrho cov "teeb ​​meem" teeb meem uas tej zaum yuav confuse cov neeg siv novice muag careless. Thiab yog li ntawd, peb pib ...

1) Yuav ua li cas saib lub ntsiab ntawm RAM

Kuv xav tias nws yuav tsum pib xws li ib tsab xov xwm nrog lub ntsiab ntawm RAM (qhov tseeb, tias txhua tus neeg muag khoom yuav nug koj thaum koj txiav txim siab los yuav qhov cim xeeb).

Qhov yooj yim thiab ceev tshaj plaws xaiv kom paub seb lub cim xeeb uas koj twb tau muab siv yog siv qee yam tshwj xeeb. nqi hluav taws xob los txiav txim seb cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub tshuab computer. Kuv xav Speccy thiab Aida 64 (ntxiv hauv tsab xov xwm kuv yuav muab cov screenshots, cia li los ntawm lawv).

Speccy

Lub Vev xaib: http://www.piriform.com/ aptcy

Kev pab dawb thiab siv heev uas yuav pab ceev kom paub meej txog lub ntsiab ntawm koj lub computer (laptop). Kuv pom zoo kom coj mus rau hauv lub computer thiab qee zaum saib, piv txwv li, qhov kub ntawm qhov processor, hard disk, video card (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov hnub kub).

Aida 64

Lub website: http://www.aida64.com/downloads

Qhov kev pab cuam them nyiaj, tab sis nws tsim nyog rau nws! Tso cai rau koj kom paub txhua yam koj xav tau (thiab tsis xav tau) txog koj lub computer. Nyob hauv txoj cai, qhov hluav taws xob uas kuv tau muab rau ua ntej yuav hloov tau. Yuav siv li cas, xaiv koj tus kheej ...

Piv txwv, hauv cov dej khib nyiab (Daim duab 1 hauv qab hauv tsab xov xwm) tom qab tso, qhib lub RAM tab kom pom tag nrho cov ntsiab ntawm RAM.

Daim duab. 1. Tsis muaj RAM hauv ib lub laptop

Feem ntau, thaum muag RAM, sau cov nram qab no: SODIMM, DDR3l 8Gb, PC3-12800H. Cov lus qhia luv luv (saib daim duab 1):

• SODIMM - qhov loj ntawm lub cim xeeb module. SODIMM tsuas yog lub cim xeeb rau lub laptop (Rau ib qho piv txwv ntawm seb nws zoo nkaus li, saib daim duab 2).
• Hom: DDR3 - hom kev nco. Tseem muaj DDR1, DDR2, DDR4. Nws tseem ceeb heev kom nco: yog tias koj muaj hom DDR3 nco, ces nws tsis tau nruab DDR 2 nco (los yog lwm tus)! Ntxiv rau qhov no:
• Loj: 8192 MBytes - tus nqi nco, qhov no, nws yog 8 GB.
• Chaw tsim tshuaj paus: Kingston yog ib hom ntawm lub khw.
• Max Bandwidth: PC3-12800H (800 MHz) - zaus ntawm kev nco, cuam tshuam kev ua haujlwm ntawm koj lub PC. Thaum xaiv RAM, koj yuav tsum paub tias nco tau li cas koj niam daim ntawv yuav txhawb nqa (saib hauv qab). Cov ntsiab lus ntawm seb qhov no cim sawv cev li cas, saib ntawm no:

Daim duab. 2. Npuaj ntawm RAM

Ib qho tseem ceeb! Feem ntau, koj yuav ua nrog DDR3 (raws li nws yog qhov ntau tshaj tam sim no). Muaj ib qho "BUT", DDR3 yog ntau hom: DDR3 thiab DDR3L, thiab cov no yog ntau hom kev nco (DDR3L - nrog qis zog, 1.35V, thaum DDR3 - 1.5V). Dua li ntawm qhov tseeb tias ntau tus neeg muag khoom (thiab tsis tsuas yog lawv) hais tias lawv rov qab sib xws - qhov no yog deb ntawm qhov (nws tus kheej tau rov los nyob hauv qhov tseeb tias qee tus qauv phau ntawv tsis txhawb, piv txwv li, DDR3, whereas nrog DDR3L - ua haujlwm). Yuav kom paub tseeb (100%) seb koj lub cim xeeb yog dab tsi, kuv xav kom qhib lub hau npog ntawm phau ntawv sau thiab ntsia visually ntawm lub chaw nco (ntxiv rau hauv qab). Koj tseem tuaj yeem saib ntawm qhov voltage nyob rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam Speccy (RAM tab, mus rau hauv qab, saib daim duab 3)

Daim duab. 3. Voltage 1.35V - DDR3L nco.

2) Lub laptop txhawb li cas thiab ntau npaum li cas nco?

Qhov tseeb yog tias qhov RAM tsis tuaj yeem ua rau ntau tus neeg (koj tus processor (motherboard) muaj qee yam txwv, ntau tshaj qhov uas nws tsis muaj peev xwm tswj tau. hauv thawj seem ntawm tsab xov xwm).

Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog los txiav txim xyuas tus qauv ntawm tus processor thiab motherboard, thiab tom qab ntawd mam li nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv no rau ntawm lub khw. Los txiav txim siab txog cov yeeb yam no, kuv kuj pom zoo siv lub tshuab fais fab (ntxiv rau qhov no tom qab hauv tsab xov xwm).

Qhib nyob rau hauv Speccy xav tau 2 tabs: Daim npav thiab CPU (saib daim duab 4).

Daim duab. 4. Speccy - txhais processor thiab motherboard.

Tom qab ntawd, raws li cov qauv, nws yog qhov yooj yim mus nrhiav cov kev tsim nyog rau ntawm qhov chaw tsim tshuaj lub website (saib daim duab 5).

Daim duab. 6. Ntaus thiab tus nqi ntawm kev txhawb zog.

Tseem tshuav ib txoj kev yooj yim los txiav txim siab txog qhov cim xeeb - siv cov kev pab cuam AIDA 64 (uas kuv pom zoo thaum pib ntawm tsab xov xwm). Tom qab tso lub fais fab, koj yuav tsum qhib lub motherboard / chipset tab thiab pom cov kev txwv tsis raug (saib Daim Duab 7).

Daim duab. 7. Nqa nco hom: DDR3-1066, DDR3-1333, DDR-1600. Lub siab muaj peev xwm siab tshaj yog 16 GB.

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Ntxiv nrog rau qhov kev txhawb siab hom thiab max. ntim, koj tuaj yeem paub txog qhov tsis muaj kev sib tw - i.e. cov ntaub ntawv sau rau qhov cim qhov cim xeeb ntawm nws tus kheej. Nyob rau cov laptops, feem ntau, lawv yog 1 lossis 2 (ntawm PC, tsis muaj ntau zaus). Yuav ua li cas kom paub ntau npaum li cas hauv koj lub laptop - saib hauv qab no.

3) Muaj pes tsawg slots rau RAM hauv lub laptop

Lub tuam txhab laptop tsis pom tias cov ntaub ntawv xws li ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntaus ntawv (thiab nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv rau lub laptop xws li cov ntaub ntawv tsis tas qhia). Kuv tseem yuav hais ntxiv, qee zaus, cov ntaub ntawv no tej zaum yuav tsis yog: i.e. Nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb, nws hais tias yuav tsum muaj 2 slots, thiab thaum koj qhib lub laptop thiab saib, nws tus nqi 1 qhov, thiab lub thib ob yog tsis soldered (tab sis nws muaj ib qho chaw rau nws ...).

Yog li ntawd, yuav kom paub tseeb tias muaj pes tsawg tus qhab nia nyob hauv ib lub laptop, kuv xav kom qhib lub npog sab nram qab (qee lub qauv laptop yuav tsum tau ua kom txav kom pauv thiaj li hloov tau.) Qee tus qauv qee zaum kuj muaj qhov cim xeeb uas tsis tau hloov ...).

Yuav ua li cas saib RAM slots:

1. Qhib lub laptop kom tiav, tshem tawm tag nrho cov cords: fais fab, nas, pob ntseg, thiab ntau dua.

2. Tig lub laptop tag.

3. Tshem lub roj teeb (feem ntau, rau qhov kev tshem tawm muaj ob lub qhov me me ua luaj li hauv daim duab 8).

Daim duab. 8. Roj teeb Roj

4. Tom qab, koj xav tau ib lub tshuab hlwb hlau me me kom tshem tau ob peb lub caws pliav thiab tshem lub hau uas tiv thaiv lub RAM thiab laptop hard disk (Kuv rov hais dua: Daim duab 9).

Daim duab. 9. Npog uas tiv thaiv HDD (disk) thiab RAM (nco).

5. Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem pom ntau npaum li cas RAM qhov chaw nyob hauv laptop. Hauv daim duab. 10 qhia ib lub laptop nrog ib qho rau kev teeb tsa lub cim xeeb. Los ntawm txoj kev, xyuam xim rau ib yam: cov chaw tsim khoom txawm sau hom kev nco uas siv: "Tsuas DDR3L" (tsuas yog DDR3L yog qhov tsawg-voltage nco 1.35V, kuv hais txog qhov no thaum pib ntawm tsab xov xwm).

Kuv ntseeg hais tias tshem tawm lub hau thiab saib qhov tseeb pes tsawg qhov chaw tau muab nruab thiab qhov cim xeeb yog ntsia - koj tuaj yeem nco ntsoov tias lub cim xeeb tshiab yuav haum thiab yuav tsis xa lwm yam ntxiv "bustle" nrog lub pauv ...

Daim duab. 10. Ib qho khoob khoob rau lub cim xeeb

Los ntawm txoj kev, hauv daim duab. 11 qhia ib lub laptop uas muaj ob lub thooj rau nruab kev nco. Lawm, muaj ob qhov qhib - koj muaj ntau txoj kev ywj pheej, vim hais tias koj tuaj yeem yuav muaj ntau lub cim xeeb yog tias koj muaj ib qho chaw nyob thiab koj tsis muaj lub cim xeeb txaus (los ntawm txoj kev, yog tias koj muaj ob qho qhwv, koj siv tau dual channel nco homuas tsub kom muaj kev tsim nyog. Txog nws me ntsis qis dua).

Daim duab. 11. Ob qhov qhib rau lub teeb meem kev nco.

Qhov thib ob pom kom paub seb muaj pes tsawg lub qhov nco

Tshawb xyuas seb muaj pes tsawg tus slots yuav siv tau cov Kev Pab Dej. Ua li no, qhib lub RAM tab thiab saib cov lus qhia thawj zaug (saib daim duab 12):

• tag nrho lub cim slots - muaj pes tsawg lub cim slots hauv koj lub laptop;
• siv xaws pob ntsej muag - ntau npaum li cas qhov siv;
• free slots slots - ntau npaum li cas slots (nyob rau hauv uas muaj cov kab tuav tsis tau nruab).

Daim duab. 12. Qhov chaw nco - Speccy.

Tab sis kuv xav nco: cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob tej zaum yuav tsis tas mus raws li qhov tseeb. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog, txawm li cas los, kom qhib lub hau ntawm lub laptop thiab pom nrog koj lub qhov muag ntawm lub xeev ntawm lub qhov qhib.

4) Ib-channel thiab ob-channel nco hom

Kuv yuav sim ua luv luv, txij li lub ntsiab lus no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev ...

Yog hais tias koj muaj ob qho rau RAM hauv koj lub laptop, ces nws yeej txhawb txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm hauv ob-koos lag luam (koj tuaj yeem paub hauv qhov kev piav qhia ntawm cov lus qhia nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw tsim tshuaj lub website, lossis hauv qhov kev zov me nyuam zoo li Aida 64 (saib saum toj saud)).

Rau ob hom channel, koj yuav tsum muaj ob lub cim xeeb tuav thiab nco ntsoov muaj qhov qub configuration (Kuv xav kom koj yuav tsum muaj ob lub pov txwv zoo ib zaug, qhov tseeb). Thaum koj qhib ob hom channel - nrog txhua tus cim xeeb module, lub laptop yuav ua haujlwm rau thaum uas tig mus, uas txhais tau hais tias qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm yuav nce.

Tsawg npaum li cas nce siab hauv ob txoj hauv kev?

Cov lus nug yog kev tsis txaus siab, cov neeg siv khoom sib txawv (tuam ntxhab) muab ntau yam kev ntsuam xyuas tau. Yog tias koj nqa qhov nruab nrab, hauv kev ua si, piv txwv li, kev tsim khoom yuav nce ntxiv 3-8%, thaum ua video (yees duab) - qhov nce yuav nce mus txog 20-25%. Rau tus so, yuav luag tsis muaj qhov txawv.

Ntau ntau ntawm kev ua tau zoo rau qhov cim xeeb ntawm qhov cim xeeb, es tsis ua dab tsi hom nws ua haujlwm. Tab sis feem ntau, yog hais tias koj muaj ob qhov qhab nia thiab koj xav kom nco, ces nws yog qhov zoo dua coj ob lub modules, hais 4 GB, ib qho rau 8 GB (tab sis tsis ntau, tab sis koj yuav nce hauv kev ua tau zoo). Tab sis khawm nws lub hom phiaj - Kuv tsis ...

Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub nyob rau hauv hom twg lub cim xeeb ua haujlwm?

Yooj yim txaus: saib nyob rau hauv txhua yam hluav taws xob los txiav txim xyuas yam ntxwv ntawm lub PC (piv txwv, Speccy: RAM tab). Yog tib leeg sau, ces nws txhais tau tias yog ib leeg-channel, yog Dual - ob-channel.

Daim duab. 13. Ib hom-cim suab paj nruag.

Los ntawm txoj kev, hauv qee tus qauv ntawm cov laptops, kom muaj kev ua haujlwm hauv kev ua haujlwm dual-channel - koj yuav tsum mus rau hauv BIOS, tom qab ntawd hauv Memory Memory column, nyob hauv Dual Channel cov khoom, koj yuav tsum pab kom Enable option (kab tias ib tsab xov xwm txog kev nkag mus rau BIOS yuav pab tau li cas:

5) Qhov kev xaiv ntawm RAM. DDR 3 thiab DDR3L - puas muaj qhov txawv?

Xav tias koj txiav txim siab los nthuav koj lub cim xeeb ntawm lub laptop: hloov lub bar, los yog ntxiv lwm tus rau nws (yog tias muaj lwm lub cim xeeb).

Yuav kom yuav ib lub cim xeeb, tus neeg muag khoom (yog tias nws, ntawm chav kawm, ncaj ncees) nug koj rau ob peb yam tsis tseem ceeb (los yog koj yuav tsum qhia lawv hauv lub khw hauv online):

- nco li cas (koj tuaj yeem hais rau lub laptop, los yog SODIMM - qhov cim xeeb no yog siv hauv laptops);

- hom kev nco - piv txwv li, DDR3 los yog DDR2 (tam sim no DDR3 nrov tshaj plaws - ntawv ceeb toom uas DDR3l yog ib yam txawv ntawm lub cim xeeb, thiab lawv tsis yog ib txwm tshaj DDR3). Nws tseem ceeb heev kom nco ntsoov: qhov DDR2 bar - koj yuav tsis ntxig rau hauv DDR3 nco qhov taub - ceev faj thaum koj yuav thiab xaiv lub cim xeeb !;

- Qhov loj ntawm lub cim xeeb ntawm qhov yuav tsum tau muaj - qhov no, feem ntau, tsis muaj teeb meem, feem ntau qhov khiav yog 4-8 GB;

- Qhov zoo tshaj yog feem ntau tau qhia rau ntawm lub cim xeeb ntawm lub cim xeeb. Piv txwv, DDR3-1600 8Gb. Qee lub sij hawm, tsis yog 1600, lwm tus cim ntawm PC3-12800 kuj yuav raug pom (txhais lus rooj - saib hauv qab).

DDR3 los yog DDR3L - yog dab tsi?

Kuv pom zoo kom ua raws li hauv qab no. Ua ntej yuav nco - paub tias yam cim xeeb ntawm koj tam sim no tau ntsia koj lub laptop thiab ua haujlwm. Tom qab ntawd - mus raws nraim tib hom nco.

Qhov tseeb yog qhov DDR3L nco siv tsawg zog (1.35V thiab DDR3 siv 1.5V), thiab yog li ntawd nws yog tsawg dua. tej zaum hauv qee cov servers, piv txwv li).

Nws tseem ceeb heev: Yog hais tias koj lub laptop ua haujlwm nrog DDR3L nco, ces teeb siv nws (piv txwv) lub DDR3 nco bar - muaj kev pheej hmoo tias lub cim xeeb tsis ua hauj lwm (thiab lub laptop dhau). Yog li ntawd, ua tib zoo mloog.

Yuav ua li cas kom paub seb lub cim xeeb nyob hauv koj lub laptop - piav qhia saum toj no. Qhov kev tso siab tshaj plaws yog qhib lub hau ntawm sab nraum qab ntawm phau ntawv sau thiab visually pom dab tsi yog sau rau ntawm RAM.

Nws tseem ceeb heev kom nco ntsoov tias qhov rais 32 ntsis - pom thiab siv tsuas yog 3 GB ntawm RAM. Yog li, yog tias koj npaj siab kom nco, ces koj yuav tsum hloov Windows. Ntau ntxiv txog 32/64 khoom noj khoom haus:

6) Txhim kho RAM rau hauv lub laptop

Raws li txoj cai, tsis muaj teeb meem tshwj xeeb nrog qhov no (yog tias lub cim xeeb tau los ntawm ib qho uas xav tau 🙂). Kuv yuav qhia txog qhov kev ua ntawm kev nqis tes ua ruam.

1. Qhib lub laptop. Tom ntej, disconnect ntawm lub laptop tag nrho cov xov hlau: nas, fais fab, thiab lwm yam.

2. Peb tig dhau lub laptop thiab tshem tawm cov roj teeb (feem ntau, nws yog fastened nrog ob lub latches, saib Daim duab 14).

Daim duab. 14. Latches tshem lub roj teeb.

3. Tom qab ntawd, kaw lub hau ob peb lub tsho thiab tshem tawm ntawm lub hau npog tiv thaiv. Raws li txoj cai, tus qauv ntawm lub laptop yog li hauv daim duab. 15 (tej zaum, lub RAM yog nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej cais cover). Tsis tshua muaj, tab sis muaj cov laptops uas yuav hloov tau tus RAM - koj yuav tsum disassemble nws kiag li.

Daim duab. 15. Kev tiv thaiv npog (hauv lub cim xeeb ntawm qhov nco, Wi-Fi module thiab hard disk).

4. Ua tau, nyob rau hauv kev tiv thaiv npog, thiab nruab RAM. Tshem tawm nws - koj yuav tsum maj mam thawb lub "antennae" (Kuv nyuab siab - ua tib zoo! Nco yog ib qho nqi them me me, tab sis lawv muab nws lees tias 10 xyoo los sis ntau tshaj ...).

Tom qab koj thawb lawv nrawm - lub cim xeeb ntawm lub cim xeeb yuav tau tsa ceg ntawm ib lub kaum ntawm 20-30 grams. thiab nws tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm qhov khau raj.

Daim duab. 16. Tshem tawm lub cim xeeb - koj yuav tsum nias lub "antennae".

5. Ces nruab ib lub cim xeeb: ntxig rau hauv qhov chaw rau hauv lub qhov ntawm kaum tsev. Tom qab lub qhov muab tso mus rau qhov kawg - cia li maj mam poob dej nws kom txog rau thaum lub antennae "slam" nws.

Daim duab. 17. Txhim kho lub cim xeeb txav hauv laptop

6. Dhau ntawd, nruab ib lub khwb tiv thaiv, roj teeb, txuas lub hwj huam, nas thiab tig rau lub laptop. Yog hais tias txhua yam yog ua kom raug, ces lub laptop yuav tam sim ntawd khau raj tsis nug koj txog dab tsi ...

7) Ntau npaum li cas RAM koj xav tau ntawm lub laptop

Hom phiaj: qhov ntau zoo dua

Nyob rau hauv dav dav, ib tug ntau ntawm nco - yeej tsis tshwm sim. Tab sis yuav teb lo lus nug no, ua ntej tshaj, koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi lub laptop yuav siv rau: dab tsi cov kev pab cuam yuav, kev ua si, dab tsi OS, etc. Kuv yuav conditionally xaiv ntau ntau ...

1-3 GB

Rau lub laptop niaj hnub no, qhov no tsis txaus thiab tsuas yog tias koj siv cov ntawv sau, tus browser, thiab lwm yam. Thiab ua hauj lwm nrog qhov nyiaj ntawm kev nco no tsis yog ib txwm xis, yog tias koj qhib lub teb tabs hauv qhov browser - koj yuav pom tias slowdowns thiab freezes.

4 GB

Lub cim xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm laptops (hnub no). Feem ntau, feem ntau cov kev xav tau ntawm tus neeg siv "nruab nrab" txhais tes (thiaj li hais tau). Nrog ntim no, koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm zoo tom qab laptop, tawm ua si, video editors, thiab lwm yam., Xws li software. Tseeb, nws yog tsis yooj yim mus rau roam ntau (neeg nyiam ntawm yees duab-yees ua - qhov no nco yuav tsis txaus). Qhov tseeb yog qhov uas, Photoshop (cov duab nrov tshaj plaws duab) thaum ua cov duab "loj" (piv txwv li, 50-100 MB) yuav ua sai sai "noj" tag nrho tus nqi ntawm kev nco, thiab txawm tsim yuam kev ...

8GB

Tus nqi zoo, koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm nrog lub laptop nrog luag tsis muaj tus brakes (txuam nrog RAM). Meanwhile, kuv xav nco ntsoov ib yam: thaum switching ntawm 2 GB ntawm nco rau 4 GB, qhov txawv yog hnov ​​qhov muag liab qab, tab sis los ntawm 4 GB rau 8 GB, qhov txawv yog hnov, tab sis tsis heev. Thiab thaum hloov los ntawm 8 mus rau 16 GB, tsis muaj qhov txawv ntawm txhua qhov (Kuv vam tias nws yog qhov tseeb tias qhov no raug rau kuv cov haujlwm).

16 GB lossis ntau dua

Peb tuaj yeem hais tau - qhov no txaus rau tas nrho, yav tom ntej kom paub meej (tshwj xeeb yog rau lub laptop). Feem ntau, Kuv tsis xav kom koj siv lub laptop rau kev yees duab los yog yees duab ua yog tias koj xav tau kev zoo li no lub cim xeeb loj ...

Nws tseem ceeb heev! Los ntawm txoj kev, los txhim kho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub laptop - nws tsis yog ib txwm tsim nyog los ntxiv nco. Piv txwv, kev txhim kho cov tsav SSD tuaj yeem ua rau cov kev lag luam qis heev (muab piv HDD thiab SSD: Feem ntau, koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi thiab seb koj lub laptop siv los teb lo lus nug twg ...

PS

Muaj ib daim ntawv qhia tag nrho rau qhov hloov ntawm RAM, thiab koj paub tias qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws thiab tawm tswv yim tshaj plaws yog dab tsi? Nqa lub laptop nrog koj, nqa nws mus rau tom khw (los yog qhov kev pabcuam), piav qhia rau tus muag khoom (kws kho mob) koj xav tau - txoj cai nyob ntawm koj xub ntiag, nws tuaj yeem txuas rau lub cim xeeb thiab koj yuav xyuas lub lag luam ntawm lub laptop. Thiab tom qab ntawd ces nqa nws lub tsev rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ...

Ntawm no kuv muaj txhua yam, rau cov loov ntxiv kuv yuav xav thov ua tsaug heev. Txhua tus xaiv zoo 🙂