DEBIAN 8 MUS 9 TXAWJ TEJ YAM NTXIV

Tsab xov xwm no yuav muaj ib daim ntawv qhia uas koj tuaj yeem hloov Debian 8 OS rau version 9. Nws yuav muab faib ua ob peb yam tseem ceeb, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom xwm yeem. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau koj txoj kev yooj yim, koj yuav tsum tau qhia nrog cov lus txib yooj yim rau kev ua txhua yam piav qhia. Ua tib zoo mloog.

Debian OS Cov Lus Qhia Kho Tshiab

Thaum nws los mus kho dua tshiab, yuav tsis tu ncua. Vim lub fact tias thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntau heev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yuav rho tawm ntawm lub disk, nws yog ib qhov tsim nyog los qhia txog lawv cov kev ua. Thaum zoo tshaj plaws, tus neeg tsis paub qab hau uas nws xav tias nws lub zog yuav tsum luj txhua qhov kev khwv tau thiab cov cai, los yog, nyob rau hauv ntau zaus, nws yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia hauv qab no.

Kauj Ruam 1: Cwj pwm

Ua ntej koj pib, koj yuav tsum ceev faj thaum rov qab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb thiab cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb, yog tias koj siv cov, xws li thaum tsis ua haujlwm koj tsuas rov tsis tau rau lawv.

Yog vim li cas qhov kev ceeb toom no yog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov system database nyob hauv Debian9. MySQL, uas yog nruab rau Debian 8, hmoov tsis, tsis yog tshaj ntawm MariaDB database hauv Debian 9, yog tias qhov kev hloov tshiab tsis tsim nyog, txhua cov ntaub ntawv yuav ploj mus.

Thawj kauj ruam yog nrhiav kom paub tseeb tias version ntawm OS koj tab tom siv. Peb qhov chaw muaj cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws.

Nyeem ntxiv: Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub cov version ntawm Linux faib

Kauj ruam 2: Kev npaj rau kev hloov kho tshiab

Hauv kev txiav txim rau txhua yam kom muaj kev vam meej, koj yuav tsum xyuas kom tseeb tias koj muaj txhua yam tshiab tshiab rau koj qhov system. Koj tuaj yeem ua tau qhov no los ntawm kev ua raws li peb cov lus txib hauv no:

sudo apt-tau hloov tshiab sudo apt-tau txawj tej yam ntxiv sudo apt-mus dist-txawj tej yam ntxiv

Yog hais tias nws tshwm sim los ntawm qhov kev pab cuam thib peb ntawm koj lub computer, uas tsis muaj nyob rau hauv ib qho twg ntawm cov pob ntawv los yog muaj nyob rau hauv qhov system los ntawm lwm cov kev pab cuam, qhov no ho txo cov sij hawm rau txoj kev hloov kho tsis muaj teeb meem. Tag nrho cov ntawv sau npe ntawm lub tshuab computer no muaj peev xwm taug qab tau nrog cov lus txib no:

aptitude tshawb '~ o'

Koj yuav tsum tshem tag nrho lawv, thiab tom qab ntawd, siv cov lus txib hauv qab no, xyuas seb puas muaj tag nrho cov pob khoom nruab yog thiab yog muaj teeb meem hauv lub system:

dpkg -c

Yog hais tias tom qab executing qhov hais kom ua nyob rau hauv "Terminal" tsis muaj dab tsi tshwm sim, tsis muaj qhov yuam kev tseem ceeb hauv cov pob khoom ntsia. Yog tias muaj teeb meem hauv lub cev, lawv yuav tsum tau kho, thiab rov qab pib siv lub computer nrog cov lus txib:

reboot

Kauj ruam 3: Teeb

Phau ntawv no yuav piav qhia txog qhov kev kho tshiab ntawm lub tshuab, uas txhais tau hais tias koj yuav tsum tau hloov cov ntaub ntawv muaj txhij txhua. Koj tuaj yeem ua tau li no thaum qhib cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:

sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

Lus Ceeb Toom: qhov no, vi yuav siv los qhib cov ntaub ntawv, uas yog ib phau ntawv teeb tsa nruab ntawm lub neej nyob hauv Linux distributions. Nws tsis muaj lub graphical interface, yog li nws yuav tsis yooj yim rau tus neeg siv tau tibsi los kho cov ntaub ntawv. Koj siv tau lwm tus editor, piv txwv li, GEdit. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum hloov qhov "vi" nrog rau "gedit".

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv uas tau qhib, koj yuav tsum hloov tag nrho cov lus. "Jessie" (codename OS Debian8) nyob rau "Ncab" (codename Debian9). Vim li ntawd, nws yuav tsum zoo li qhov no:

vi /etc/apt/sources.list deb //httpredir.debian.org/debian stretch main contrib deb //security.debian.org/ stretch / updates main

Lus Cim: txoj kev kho kom yooj yim yuav ua tau yooj yim heev los ntawm kev siv lub hwj chim SED thiab ua raws li cov lus hais hauv qab no.

sed -i's / jessie / stretch / g '/etc/apt/sources.list

Tom qab tag nrho cov kev ua tiav lawm, ua siab loj tawm qhov hloov tshiab ntawm cov chaw cia khoom los ntawm kev khiav "Terminal" hais kom ua:

apt hloov tshiab

Piv txwv:

Kauj Ruam 4: Nruab Nrab

Kom ntse nruab ib lub OS tshiab, koj yuav tsum ua kom paub tseeb tias koj muaj chaw txaus nyob hauv koj lub zog. Pib khiav cov lus txib no:

apt -o APT :: Tau :: Tsis tseem ceeb-Tsuas = tseeb dist-upgrade

Piv txwv:

Tom ntej no, koj yuav tsum khij lub hauv paus txheej txheem. Ua li no, koj tuaj yeem siv qhov kev hais kom ua:

df -H

Ntsis: kom paub sai sai ntawm cov hauv paus txheej txheem ntawm cov ntsia nruab nrab ntawm daim ntawv teev npe, pom zoo rau sab "Mounted hauv" (1). Hauv nws, nrhiav txoj hlua kos npe “/” (2) - qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntawm lub system. Nws tshua tsuas yog los txhais ib nrais muag me ntsis sab laug ntawm kab mus rau kem "Dost" (3)qhov chaw seem uas yog qhov chaw seem dawb yog qhia.

Thiab tsuas yog tom qab tag nrho cov kev npaj, koj tuaj yeem khiav ib qho hloov tshiab ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov no yuav ua tau los ntawm executing cov lus txib hauv qab no:

apt txawj tej yam ntxiv apt dist-upgrade

Tom qab ib lub sijhawm ntev, txoj kev yuav xaus thiab koj tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tau zoo rov qab pib dua nrog txoj kev paub zoo:

reboot

Kauj Ruam 5: Kos

Tam sim no koj Debian operating system tau ntse tshiab mus rau lub tshiab version, tab sis yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, nws yog tsim nyog xyuas seb ob peb yam ntxiv kom paub tseeb:

Kernel version nrog cov lus txib:
uname -mrs
Piv txwv:
Tooj faib nrog cov lus txib:
lsb_release -a
Piv txwv:
Muaj cov khoom tsis muaj ntau dhau los ntawm kev ua raws li cov lus txib:
aptitude tshawb '~ o'

Yog hais tias qhov tseem ceeb thiab kev faib tawm yog raws nraim nrog Debian 9 OS, thiab tsis muaj cov pob khoom tsis raug mob, qhov no txhais tau hais tias kev hloov tshiab yog qhov ua tau zoo.

Xaus

Hloov Debian 8 mus rau version 9 yog qhov kev txiav txim siab loj, tab sis nws txoj kev ua tiav zoo nyob ntawm qhov kev siv ntawm tag nrho cov lus qhia saum toj no. Thaum kawg, kuv xav kom koj paub qhov tseeb tias qhov kev hloov tshiab yog ntev heev, vim qhov tseeb tias cov ntaub ntawv loj heev yuav tsum downloaded los ntawm lub network, tab sis txoj kev no yuav tsis raug tu ncua, txwv tsis pub rov ua haujlwm ntawm cov operating system yuav tsis tau.